Schwabe examines the political, economic, and ideological motivations that prompted American and German leaders to adopt strategies that led to discord during this period of transition from war to peace in the international field and from monarchy to republic in Germany. He disputes the interpretation that Wilson betrayed his ideals at Versailles and the thesis that a secret conspiracy between the United States and Germany attempted to contain the Bolshevik threat. Originally published in 1985. A UNC Press Enduring Edition -- UNC Press Enduring Editions use the latest in digital technology to make available again books from our distinguished backlist that were previously out of print. These editions are published unaltered from the original, and are presented in affordable paperback formats, bringing readers both historical and cultural value.