Great progress has been made in electrical science, chiefly in Germany, by cultivators of the theory of action at a distance. The valuable electrical measurements of W. Weber are interpreted by him according to this theory, and the electromagnetic speculation which was originated by Gauss, and carried on by Weber, Riemann, F. and C. Neumann, Lorenz, etc. , is founded on the theory of action at a distance, but depending either directly on the relative velocity of the particles, or on the gradual propagation of something, whether potential or force, from the one particle to the other. The great success which these eminent men have attained in the application of mathematics to electrical phenomena, gives, as is natural, additional weight to their theoretical speculations, so that those who, as students of electricity, turn to them as the greatest authorities in mathematical electricity, would probably imbibe, along with their mathematical methods, their physical hypothesis. These physical hypotheses, however, are entirely alien from the way of looking at things which I adopt, and one object which I have in view is that some of those who wish to study electricity may, by reading this treatise, come to see that there is another way of treating the subject, which is no less fitted to explain the phenomena, and which, though in some parts it may appear less definite, corresponds, as I think, more faithfuHy with our actual knowledge, both in what it affirms and in what it leaves undecided.389.951389.95Andre Koch Torres Assis210C5F62-4C85-4C74-A659-E314C7345DF1978079233150697807923315090007118, 126.67TCHardcoverCouverture rigideA9401044392SpringerSpringer3100.759.216.141.390.759.216.14111994-11-30T05:00:00ZSemi-Markov Random EvolutionsP10117Science & NatureSCIENCE02AMath & PhysicsMAT003000, MAT029000, MAT034000Probability & StatisticsBooks > Science & Nature > Math & Physics > Mathematics > Probability & Statisticshttps://dynamic. indigoimages. ca/books/0792331508.jpg?scaleup=true&width=600&quality=85&lang=enhttps://dynamic. indigoimages. ca/books/0792331508.jpg?scaleup=true&width=600&quality=85&lang=frhttps://www. indigo. ca/en-ca/semi-markov-random-evolutions/9780792331506.htmlhttps://www. indigo. ca/fr-ca/semi-markov-random-evolutions/9780792331506.htmlThe evolution of systems is a growing field of interest stimulated by many possible applications. This book is devoted to semi-Markov random evolutions (SMRE). This class of evolutions is rich enough to describe the evolutionary systems changing their characteristics under the influence of random factors. At the same time there exist efficient mathematical tools for investigating the SMRE. The topics addressed in this book include classification, fundamental properties of the SMRE, averaging theorems, diffusion approximation and normal deviations theorems for SMRE in ergodic case and in the scheme of asymptotic phase lumping. Both analytic and stochastic methods for investigation of the limiting behaviour of SMRE are developed. This book includes many applications of rapidly changing semi-Markov random media, including storage and traffic processes, branching and switching processes, stochastic differential equations, motions on Lie groups, and harmonic oscillations. This volume will be of interest to statisticians whose work involves operator theory, functional analysis, systems theory and cybernetics.142.951142.95Vladimir S KorolyukFB0BB50A-B5E0-4316-96CC-C0106100C14B978079233176697807923317690007118, 64.89TCHardcoverCouverture rigideFC13E1B5610544D7AF7751ACDDFD5730SpringerSpringer2620.699.216.141.240.699.216.14111994-10-31T05:00:00ZMathematical Methods in Optimization of Differential SystemsP10117Science & NatureSCIENCE01AGeneral ScienceMAT007000, MAT017000, SCI012000CalculusBooks > Science & Nature > Math & Physics > Mathematicshttps://dynamic. indigoimages. ca/books/0792331761.jpg?scaleup=true&width=600&quality=85&lang=enhttps://dynamic. indigoimages. ca/books/0792331761.jpg?scaleup=true&width=600&quality=85&lang=frhttps://www. indigo. ca/en-ca/mathematical-methods-in-optimization-of-differential-systems/9780792331766.htmlhttps://www. indigo. ca/fr-ca/mathematical-methods-in-optimization-of-differential-systems/9780792331766.htmlThis volume is concerned with optimal control problems governed by ordinary differential systems and partial differential equations. The emphasis is on first-order necessary conditions of optimality and the construction of optimal controllers in feedback forms. These subjects are treated using some new concepts and techniques in modern optimization theory, such as Clarke's generalized gradient, Ekeland's variational principle, viscosity solution to the Hamilton-Jacobi equation, and smoothing processes for optimal control problems governed by variational inequalities. A substantial part | Weber's Electrodynamics by K H Wolff, Hardcover | Indigo Chapters