US Army land navigation systems primarily rely on GPS-enabled technologies. The US Army has developed and integrated precision position, navigation, and timing systems into every aspect of operations from land navigation and unit position tracking to engagement of targets with precision munitions. This system has proved to be very reliable throughout the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, but the vulnerabilities of this system present it as a target of opportunity for hostile states and organizations. This research investigates US Army doctrine and training to determine whether or not legacy land navigation and unit position tracking remain in the curriculum for junior grade officers. ROTC, USMA, and OCS provided information pre-commissioning training. The infantry, armor, and engineer basic courses provided information about the initial training of company grade officers. Basic map and compass land navigation training must continue if the US Army plans to continue dominance in ground warfare. Overreliance on the GPS signal may result in significant loss of life and equipment if the GPS signal is lost. | Us Army Land Navigation In The 21st Century by John Mark Morgan, Paperback | Indigo Chapters