This book introduces the changing patterns of schistosomiasis transmission in China at different stages. Arduous efforts have been made in the last 7 decades to control and eliminate schistosomiasis in China using various control strategies, such as snail control to reduce the intensity of the disease transmission, morbidity control to reduce disease prevalence, and integrated control strategies to block the disease transmission, supported by governments at different levels. This book also presents the scientific progresses which technically support the control and surveillance of schistosomiasis in the field. It summarizes the working mechanism and control strategies of multi-sectoral collaboration to promote the national control programme leading to schistosomiasis elimination eventually.