The narrative roots the October 2023 war in the ongoing Palestinian-Israeli conflict, highlighting how it revived global attention to core issues like self-determination, refugee rights, and dismantling colonial structures. While many post-war visions focus narrowly on Gaza's rehabilitation, this study situates it within the fragmented Palestinian economy of the occupied territories (oPt)—West Bank, East Jerusalem, and Gaza—under Israeli control since 1967. It critiques approaches that limit solutions to the 1967 war consequences via a two-state model, arguing they overlook deeper grievances from ethnic cleansing and apartheid-like policies. Despite international consensus on a two-state solution based on the June 1967 borders, the book explores implementation challenges, including Israeli settlements, demographic shifts, and ideological barriers to peace. The book discusses why Israel should be the primary source of financing for the reconstruction of the Gaza Strip. As the international community moves to end the Palestinian-Israeli conflict after the war in favor of the two-state solution, conflict resolution requires addressing all claims to achieve a stable and lasting peace. The book reviews these reparation and compensation claims. A postscript reviews the Trump Peace Plan for Gaza.