Excerpt from The Hallowed Spots, Ancient London: Historical, Biographical, and Antiquarian Sketches, Illustrative of Places and Events as They Appeared and Occurred in the Olden Time In this history, the natural results of Papal domination and the power of the Church, gradually appear religious orders and monastic institutions rise up on every side, and, though less prominently, civic wealth and civic freedom make important and substantial progress. In the year 1176, the citizens of London found their bridge of stone in 1190* one of their number, Henry fitz-alwine, a N orman, is constituted mayor in 1224 an important point is gained for constitutional justice the law courts of England are permanently established in Westminster Hall; in 1297 the forest of Middlesex is disafforested, and the citizens build houses and form gardens without the walls; in 1355 they send for the first time four citizens to Parliament, and thus make civil progress in proportion as spiritual domination decays; the result of which is eventually the Reformation, and its great changes. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.