The book explores the role of eco-friendly and bio-based materials in driving the global shift toward cleaner and more sustainable energy solutions. It focuses on the growing importance of sustainable polymers-materials derived from natural sources-in improving energy generation, storage, and overall efficiency while minimizing environmental impact. The chapters cover a wide range of applications, including the use of biodegradable and natural polymers in solar panels, wind turbines, batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells, and other energy storage systems. It includes discussions on advanced materials like carbon nanostructure composites, self-healing coatings, and bio-based catalysts, along with innovative recycling techniques and resource management strategies that extend the lifecycle of energy technologies. The book takes a multidisciplinary approach, combining insights from polymer science, materials engineering, and renewable energy research, offering both theoretical foundations and recent advancements. This volume under the book series Clean Energy and Production Technologies  is an ideal resource for young researchers, scientists, engineers, professionals and students, who are interested in the role of sustainable materials in green energy development. Whether just beginning or already working in the field, readers will gain valuable knowledge and inspiration to contribute to a more sustainable and low-carbon future.