We all tend to get involved in our work, put our noses down, try to do it diligently, and are sometimes not aware of what is happening around us. Often what is happening around us influences our work, and clearly our work sometimes influences what is happening around us. By reviewing the history of contraception and its inverse--infertility, appreciating recent advances in them and potential future ones, and by gaining heightened awareness of societal changes as they relate to family, work, economics, and reproduction which have occurred over the last 50 years, we will understand that though science and society have their own determinants of change, they can intermediate and impact each other. This book describes an example of this. Sex is at the center of it all.