Sand has become a very important mineral for the expansion of society. In recent years, demand for sand has increased tremendously. Environmental problems occur when the rate of extraction of sand, gravel and other materials exceeds the rate at which natural processes generate these materials. Because of illegal sand mining, it becomes a global problem and threatening human life in many parts of the world. This book covered the problematic areas from various parts of the world in relation to environmental damage and discussed the suitable controlling measures. The book is useful to the students and researchers of Earth, Biological and Environmental sciences. It is also useful for the Civil engineers, Hydrologists and persons and social service. The book will provide necessary information for creating awareness among the public to check one of the social problems.