Turkey has abandoned import substituting accumulation model since the late 1970s and has entered into a structural formation process by courtesy of adopted neoliberal policies as from 1980s. Globalization gained momentum after 1980 and Turkey has witnessed significance changes in economic and political terms in the relevant period. This book focuses certain developments in Turkey’s economy and public administration since the 1980s. In economical aspect; conversion in agriculture, supply of particular goods, international trade, external debts, macroeconomic vulnerabilities and development strategies are examined. In the context of public administration; changes in urban culture, slow city movement, the concept of smart city, foreigners’ freedom to work in Turkey under international labour force law, modernization of the education system and its impact on youth employment and environmental policy are investigated.