Periodontitis is an inflammatory condition impacting the tissues adjoining the teeth. In the earlier stages, the gums become red and swollen and it can also result in bleeding. In its severe form, periodontitis can cause bone loss, and teeth might come loose or can fall out. It usually occurs because of the bacteria present in the mouth contaminating the surrounding tissue and teeth. Diagnosis is done by visual examination of the gum tissue surrounding the teeth. The examination can also be done through X-rays searching for loss of bone around the teeth. Its treatment can involve professional cleaning of teeth regularly and practicing good oral hygiene, such as brushing and flossing the teeth. In some of the cases, the treatment can require antibiotics and dental surgery. This book elucidates the concepts and innovative models around prospective developments with respect to the diagnosis and treatment of periodontitis. Those in search of information to further their knowledge will be greatly assisted by it.