Ophthalmology is a medical specialty focused on the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders related to the eyes and visual system. It seeks to provide medical and surgical care for a wide range of eye conditions such as glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration and retinal detachment. Glaucoma refers to a group of eye conditions which are characterized by damage to the optic nerve, and it is often associated with increased intraocular pressure. It can be treated through medications, laser therapy and surgical interventions. Age-related macular degeneration is a progressive degenerative disease which affects the central portion of the retina. It can lead to central vision loss and can be treated through injections, medications and laser therapy, depending on the type and stage of the disease. Different approaches, evaluations and advanced studies on ophthalmology have been included in this book. Researchers and students in this field will be assisted by it.