Nanomaterials in Biomass Conversion: Advances and Applications for Bioenergy, Biofuels and Biobased Productscritically reviews basic principles and advances in nanotechnology for the production of biofuels and bioenergy. Sections explain the fundamentals of nanomaterials, their properties, characterization, and basic processes for synthesis while also reviewing various methods and technologies for the conversion of biomass to bioenergy, biofuels, and value-added products using nanomaterials. This includes homogeneous and heterogeneous nano-catalytic systems, nano-photocatalytic conversion, nanomaterial-assisted anaerobic digestion, nanoparticles-immobilized enzymes conversion, the production of biogas, volatile fatty acids, value-added products, and in carbon capture and conversion to sustainable energy products, and much more. Final sections address technoeconomics and financial viability in the context of the circular economy, risk related to toxicology, stability, and environmental impacts, and consider the various challenges and future opportunities of biomass conversion through nanomaterials. Critically examines the role of nanomaterials in the management of waste biomass as applied to bioenergy and biofuels Explains various nanotechnological methods for the conversion of waste biomass into value-added products Discusses the basic principles, operational aspects, ongoing developments, and future perspectives related to the applications of nanotechnologies and nanomaterials in biomass conversion Provides solutions to the key challenges of nanotechnologies and nanomaterials in the conversion of biomass, along with future challenges and risks