Malaria refers to a type of mosquito-borne infectious disease that affects human beings and other animals. The symptoms of malaria typically include vomiting, fever, headaches and tiredness. It can result in major health issues including permanent organ damage and death, if not treated properly. It is caused by a single-celled parasite of the genus plasmodium. Malaria is diagnosed through antigen-based rapid diagnostic tests or microscopic examination of blood. Antimalarial medications such as atovaquone, mefloquine, primaquine, artemisinin drugs and doxycycline are used in the treatment of malaria. The use of vaccine considerably lowers the risk of malaria in young children. This book aims to understand the immune response to infection and vaccination in malaria. It includes some of the vital pieces of work being conducted across the world, on various topics related to this disease. The book is appropriate for students seeking detailed information on this medical condition as well as for experts.