This open access book is self-standing as the only substantive anthology of writings centered on John Dupre&s work. Dupré is internationally regarded as one of the most prominent living philosophers of science. His work has had a profound impact on philosophy and biology over the last half century. From fundamental questions about classification to metaphysical debates about the nature of organisms and life, Dupre&s writings have changed how scholars look at the life sciences and the natural world. But it is not just his published output that has re-shaped the field. It is also his philosophical methodology, characterised by a naturalistic and interdisciplinary approach. In part this approach was shaped by Dupré&s interactions with natural and social scientists, an aspect of his approach to philosophy that is also reflected in his role as a co-founder and then Director of the Egenis Centre for the Study of Life Sciences. This book, edited and authored by many of the world&s leading philosophers of the life sciences provides a key text on the interdisciplinary study of the life sciences with a particular emphasis on philosophy. It is of interest to philosophers of science and forms a methodological reference point for students in this field.