This volume set constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Knowledge Science, Engineering and Management, KSEM 2023, which was held in Guangzhou, China, during August 16-18, 2023.  The 114 full papers and 30 short papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 395 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: knowledge science with learning and AI; knowledge engineering research and applications; knowledge management systems; and emerging technologies for knowledge science, engineering and management.