Forests of North East India are now in a critical stage. Over the years due to extensive use of forest resources and the overflow of populations to the forest areas, the deforestation process started creating many environmental as well as socio-economic problems for the traditional forest dwelling communities, degrading their society and ways of living. The role of the forest dwelling tribal communities can’t be ignored for forest conservation as traditionally they evolved a way of life which on the one hand, is woven around the forest ecology and forest resources, on the other hand, ensures that the forest is protected against the degradation my man and nature by evolving their unique and conservative system. Conservation helps the empowerment of forest communities and vice-versa. Their empowerment with provisions of all requirements prospers solving the problem of deforestation. This book discusses the impact of deforestation on tribal society vis-a-vis empowerment and conservation for the greater interest of protecting our natural environment and sustainable ways of living.