This fourth edition volume expands on the previous editions with discussions on the latest methodologies to study HIV, live cell imaging, HIV cure, new modifications to the viral RNA that impacts HIV biology, and new types of intracellular compartments. The chapters in this book are organized into seven parts and cover topics such as HIV latency reactivation via single molecule RNA detection; T cell responses; new and efficacious anti-HIV CAR T cells; analysis of mucosal HIV infection; analysis of 3D brain organoids to study neuro AIDS; and the transfer of antibodies across the blood brain barrier. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting-edge and authoritative, HIV Protocols, Fourth Edition is a valuable resource for all preclinical HIV-1 researchers looking to learn more about this important and advancing field.