Neuroimaging is the use of quantitative methods to study the structure and function of the central nervous system. It is basically developed for scientifically studying the healthy human brain in a non-invasive manner. It is utilized for quantitative studies of psychiatric illness and brain diseases. It can be categorized into structural imaging and functional imaging. Structural imaging is used for quantifying the structure of the brain utilizing voxel based morphometry, whereas in functional imaging, brain function is studied by utilizing techniques such as MEG and PET. Techniques of functional brain imaging such as functional magnetic resonance imaging are commonly utilized techniques in neuroimaging. Medical imaging of the brain has various distinguishing features, which increases the difficulty in the assessment. Various artificial intelligence techniques like expert systems, machine learning, knowledge representation, robotics and perception, deep neural networks, reinforcement learning, and evolutionary computation can be used for better interpretation of the brain images. This book unravels the recent studies on neuroimaging data analysis. It is a resource guide for experts as well as students.