This multi-author work focuses on two regions—in antiquity more united than divided by the Strait of Gibraltar—during the so-called ‘Long Late Antiquity’. While traditional research has described the changes beginning in the late 3rd century as the decline and end of ancient statehood, a ‘governance’ perspective allows them to be understood as a deliberate attempt to rebuild existing structures and adapt them to new conditions. This volume convincingly proves that this functional perspective offers the potential to relate questions of normative order and political organization in a way that ultimately elucidates the lasting consolidation of power in every aspect: in and through institutions, subject to economic necessities and chances, over spaces and territories. Contributors are Peter Fibiger Bang, Darío Bernal-Casasola, Rezki Chergui, Pablo C. Díaz Martínez, Abdelhamid Fenina, Luke Lavan, Stefanie Lenk, Eneko López Martínez de Marigorta, Volker Menze, Lauro Olmo Enciso, Paulo Pachá, Ruth Pliego, Pablo Poveda Arias, Daniel Syrbe, Leticia Tobalina Pulido, Chokri Touihri, and Morgane Uberti.