Polymers are large chains of molecules that consist of many repeating sub-units called monomers. On the basis of their structure, these can be classified into linear polymers, branched chain polymers and cross-linked polymers. The branch of chemistry which deals with the physical and chemical properties of polymers and macromolecules is called polymer chemistry. It attempts to study the various techniques and methods involved in formation of polymers. Some of the major theories which serve as the guiding principles of polymer chemistry are Scheutjens-Fleer theory, Flory-Huggins solution theory, polymer field theory and Hoffman nucleation theory. Cellulose, chitin, starch, DNA and RNA are a few examples of naturally occurring polymers. Synthetic polymers include various thermosetting and thermoplastic polymers such as Bakelite, Kevlar, Teflon, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc. This book is a compilation of chapters that discuss the most vital concepts in the field of polymer chemistry. The various sub-fields of polymer chemistry along with technological progress that have future implications are glanced at herein. Those in search of information to further their knowledge will be greatly assisted by this book