The subject of "human free-will" versus "divine predestination" is one of the most contentious topics in classical Islamic thought. By focusing on a theme of central importance to any philosophy of religion, and to Islam in particular, this book offers a critical study of the intellectual contributions offered to this discourse by three key medieval Islamic thinkers: Avicenna, al-GhÄzÄlÄ« and Ibn Ê-ArabÄ«.Through investigation of primary sources, Free Will and Predestination in Islamic Thoughtestablishes the historical, political and intellectual circumstances which prompted Avicenna, al-GhÄzÄlÄ« and Ibn Ê-ArabÄ«'s attempts at harmonization. By analysing the theoretical and linguistic 'techniques' which were employed to convey these endeavours, this book demonstrates that the three individuals were committed to compromise between philosophical, theological and mystical outlooks. Arguing that the three scholars' treatments of the so-calledqaá¸Ä wa'l-qadar(decree and destiny) andikhtiyÄr(free-will) issues were innovative, influential and fundamentally more complex than hitherto recognized, this book contributes to a fuller understanding of Islamic intellectual history and culture and will be useful to researchers interested in Islamic Studies, Religion and Islamic Mysticism. | Free Will and Predestination in Islamic Thought by Maria De Cillis, Paperback | Indigo Chapters