This book is the first academic work to comprehensively examine fact-checking practices outside Western democracies, featuring exclusively Global South voices. Unlike existing literature dominated by Western perspectives, this volume provides insider knowledge from scholars and practitioners operating in challenging environments with limited resources, political instability, and restricted data access. The book introduces concepts like "checktainment" and explores AI deployment in non-Western contexts, revealing how fact-checkers adapt methodologies to local conditions. Written by Global South scholars and practitioners with direct experience, it fills a critical gap in understanding how misinformation is combated across Latin America, Africa, and Asia. Volume 1 offers an overview of the fact-checking ecosystem in the Global South, pointing out the differences with Western democracies and considering the institutions behind fact-checking organizations, cooperative endeavours, and the deployment of emerging technologies in the industry.