This updated edition of the seminal 2003 text on outdoor play in early years provision taps into the major issues around nutrition, exercise and mental wellbeing in this field. Focusing on the importance of outdoor play from birth to age five, Exercising Muscles and Minds, Second Edition aids practitioners in planning for learning outside throughout the year. Updated to include engagement with new research and practice that has emerged since 2003, the book explores the neurological benefits of exercise and outdoor play; the debates on risk; technology and indoor play; development of Forest Schools, Beach Schools and Nature Kindergartens; and rebranding and development of early years teaching methods. Full of case studies and ideas for activities, equipment and resources, this practical guide is full of useful guidance for working outdoors with young children - whether in largest of green areas or the smallest of back yards.