Since the Enlightenment, human equality and freedom have been sacralized objectives that have become emblematic of developed countries: "men are born free and equal in law". However, even if we have seen a clear decline in inequality in the strict sense of the term over the last few decades, some inequalities are disappearing and others are emerging, as if inequality were still chronic. Is this an evil? Not totally, equality means the end of distinction and a homogeneous society without real originality. On the other hand, a problem remains when inequality undermines opportunities for freedom of all kinds! Discover then the genesis of the masquerade of equality and how, finally, to "remain free".