Water chemistry comprises the identification and quantification of properties and constituents present in water samples. The selection and sensitivity of tests conducted are contingent upon the intended use and quality requirements of the water. This field integrates research in hydrology, water quality, pollution, and geothermal waters. Techniques such as mass spectrometry, gas chromatography, and specialized organoleptic methods are routinely used in water chemistry analyses. These studies play a vital role in various domains including forensic analysis, research, and ensuring the safety of drinking water supplies. This book is compiled in such a manner, that it will provide in-depth knowledge about the theory and practice of water chemistry. It explores all the important aspects of this field in the present day scenario. This textbook will serve as a reference to a broad spectrum of readers.