This book gathers the proceedings of the I-ESA&24 Conference, which was held in Elounda (Crete), Greece, between 10 and 12 April 2024. It presents contributions ranging from academic research and case studies to industrial and administrative experiences with interoperability. These contributions show how industries can be helped to develop high-quality products and services with enhanced efficiency and potential for customization and reduced production cost. The focus of this edition of the conference is the contribution that can be made to interoperability by good data management, judicious use of artificial intelligence and the employment of robots. Many of the papers in this 12th volume of the Proceedings of the I-ESA Conference s include examples and illustrations to help deepen readers& understanding and generate new ideas. Offering a detailed guide to the state of the art in systems interoperability, the book is of great value to all engineers and computer scientists who wish to promote innovation in manufacturing and other process industries and to software engineers and electronic and manufacturing engineers working in academic settings.