The book covers the synthesis, classification, characterization, applications and historical background of nanomaterials in various sectors, such as nanosensors, healthcare, solar cells, energy storage, hydrogels, nanocatalysts, sport industry, automobile sector, construction industry, lubricant industry, defense and security, textiles, food sciences, agriculture and biomedical applications.Keywords: Carbon Nanomaterials, Functionalized Carbon Nanomaterials, Smart Nanomaterials, Hybrid Nanomaterials, Biomedical Applications, Drug Delivery, Soy Protein Isolate, Healthcare, Perovskite Solar Cells, Nanoemulsions, Lubricant Industry, Binding Materials, Construction Industry, Toxicological Effects, Aquatic Biota, Safety Concerns.