Banking and financial markets are fundamental components of the global economy, facilitating the flow of money, investments, and credit. Banks serve as intermediaries, accepting deposits and providing loans, while offering various financial services such as wealth management, payment processing, and risk management. Financial markets, including stock, bond, and derivatives markets, enable the buying and selling of securities, providing liquidity and investment opportunities. These markets play a critical role in capital formation, economic growth, and risk distribution. They allow businesses to raise capital for expansion, governments to fund projects, and individuals to invest for future needs. Technological advancements and globalization have significantly transformed banking and financial markets, introducing new financial products, services, and platforms. Efficient banking and financial markets are vital for economic prosperity, innovation and resilience. This book is a compilation of chapters that discuss the most vital concepts in the field of economics. Such selected concepts that redefine economics of banking and financial markets have been presented in this book. It will serve as a reference to a broad spectrum of readers.