The feeling of distress which is caused due to damaging or intense stimuli is termed as pain. It can be associated with potential or actual tissue damage. It can be broadly classified into acute and chronic pain. Acute pain is resolved in a relatively short period of time while chronic pain might persist for years. Pain can be a symptom for a large number of medical conditions. The diagnosis of these conditions can be conducted by measuring the location, onset, pattern and quality of pain. The treatment of pain can involve providing medications, psychological support and alternative medicine. Acute pain is managed generally through analgesics and anesthetics. This book strives to provide a fair idea about the diagnosis and treatment of pain and to help develop a better understanding of the latest researches within this field. It will also provide interesting topics for research which interested readers can take up. This book includes contributions of experts and scientists which will provide innovative insights into this field.