This work pioneers the concept of "cultural self-awareness" in social psychology by moving beyond "WEIRD psychology" to examine the psychological transformations of Chinese society during rapid modernization. The book accomplishes this through unique studies on symbolic boundaries, policy processes, and mentality maps. Focusing on the intersection of social psychology and religious studies, the book explores cultural awareness and identity in the context of modern pressures. Through compelling case studies, particularly those involving social identity events and diverse religious groups, it reveals the complexities of contemporary China. Integrating sociological perspectives and theoretical exploration within transitional psychology, the book demonstrates how social psychology provides vital tools for understanding behavior in transitional societies. While deeply rooted in the Chinese experience, its innovative concepts and methodologies offer universally relevant insights for interpreting similar global dynamics. This book is essential reading for students and scholars of social psychology, cultural studies, sociology, and religious studies, as well as for professionals interested in China or societal transitions. Its accessible approach also benefits librarians, publishers, and policymakers seeking profound analyses of modern societal change.