Climatology falls under the umbrella of atmospheric science. It is primarily used for weather forecasting apart from keeping a record of the weather dynamics. This book is a collective contribution of internationally renowned climatologists and scientists and is bound to provide significant insights into weather forecasting models, techniques and technological advances, observation tools, etc. It aims to serve as a resource guide for students and experts alike and contribute to the growth of the discipline. For all readers who are interested in pursuing research or course in climatology, the case studies included in this book will provide innovative topics which can be taken up for research.