This book presents a valuable exploration of the potential for citizen science in archaeology within southern Europe. The examination of citizen science in archaeology has been heavily influenced by case studies and theories from Anglophone countries, where a distinctive policy and social framework exists. However, there is currently a notable absence of consideration on the subject in the Mediterranean context. This book, through an examination of the strengths and limitations of citizen science in southern Europe, provides fresh insights and perspectives that inform the development of more effective citizen science projects in southern Europe and beyond. It seeks not only to explore the region in question but also to facilitate cross-cultural and international collaboration and promote a greater understanding of the role of citizen science in diverse contexts. The chapters feature different study approaches: legal conceptions, case studies from Spain, Italy, and Greece, methodological, technical, and critical approaches, and updates of the citizen science literature, providing readers with diverse perspectives. As the first volume about citizen science in archaeological research and practice in Southern Europe, this book is for researchers in and practitioners of citizen science, archaeology, and Mediterranean Studies.