Carotid Atherosclerotic Disease: Pathologic Basis for Treatment reviews the natural history of carotid atherosclerotic plaque, this volume outlines different pathologic characteristics of asymptomatic and symptomatic carotid plaque. The authors provide a pathology-based rationale for assessment, risk stratification, and decision-making therapeutic strategy. They illustrate the impact of carotid plaque imaging and shed light on future advancement in gene therapy and carotid arterial wall repair. The book explores the shift from the old concept of "when" to treat-based on simple luminal narrowing, to the newer concept of "who should be treated"-based on plaque and patient characteristics.