This book provides a compact and straightforward overview of the main concepts and applications of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology. The author collates lecture notes on Pharmaceutical Biotechnology to introduce the topic to graduate students in the fields of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Industrial Biotechnology, Microbiology, and Medicinal Chemistry. The book starts with an overview of the biotechnological processes needed to develop biological and biosimilar medicines. Next, the author addresses the development and use of advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs), including topics such as cell and gene therapies, regenerative medicine and the regulatory issues of biological medicines and ATMPs. Finally, the author explores the limitations of administering biopharmaceuticals, discussing protein and nucleic acid stability issues, potential routes of administration and strategies for improving the bioavailability of biologics and ATMPs. This book captures the latest developments in the field and offers a practical perspective on the topic, serving as a valuable introduction resource not only for graduate students but also for researchers. The basis of the English translation of this book, originally in Portuguese, was facilitated by artificial intelligence. The content was later revised by the author for accuracy.