In recent decades, the development of Indigenous Archaeology has prompted a shift in how non-indigenous archaeologists approach the archaeological record, moving toward the inclusion of Indigenous reconstructions of precontact history communicated through oral tradition and traditional practices. Drawing mainly on research conducted since the late 1950s, this book surveys the historical perspective, theory, and methodology of maritime archaeology and offers insight on the lives of the Palaeo (Ancient), Archaic (Long Ago), and Woodland (Clay Pot) peoples. Looking to provide answers to where the earliest inhabitants of the Maritimes came from, what the area was like when they were there, and how they developed their technology and expanded their populations, Archaeology and the Indigenous Peoples of the Maritimes provides a retrospective look at the precontact period and how precontact cultures changed as they encountered neighbouring Indigenous peoples and finally European colonists.