Archaeological science refers to the application of scientific techniques for the analysis of archaeological relics. It also includes various methodologies for dating of materials. It can be further divided into various areas like physical and chemical dating methods, artifact studies, environmental approaches, mathematical methods, remote sensing and geophysical-survey and conservation sciences. The chemical dating methods help in finding the absolute and relative chronologies and the environmental approaches provide information about past landscapes, flora and fauna. There are varied techniques that fall under the domain of archaeological science. These are lithic analysis, paleoethnobotany, palynology, zooarchaeology, and archaeometallurgy. It is a valuable compilation of topics, ranging from the basic to the most complex advancements in the field of archaeological science. This book includes contributions of experts and scientists which will provide innovative insights into this field. Coherent flow of topics, student-friendly language and extensive use of examples make this book an invaluable source of knowledge.