This book, presented in parts, offers a comprehensive and coherent in-depth overview of the state and condition of African agriculture, focusing on Sub-Saharan Africa. Comprising a range of voices of African scholars and practitioners in different countries and academic disciplines, the book provides context and culturally specific insights into African agriculture's complex and multifaceted nature and the conditions of sub-regions and individual countries.  It brings together a range of voices that (i) conceptualise food systems (including their evolving nature), (ii) theorise and historize food systems in Africa, (iii) explore resilience actions and options, and (iv) propose policy interventions. Using case studies drawn from countries across the continent, the book provides foundational insights into the underpinnings of African agriculture, its challenges, and its opportunities for development, resilience, recovery following shocks, and prospects for sustainable transformation. The book also outlines the key features and issues which must be addressed effectively to develop effective and efficient policies and practices for the African agricultural sector to serve as the basis for regional development. Attention is also given to the various opportunities and challenges for resilience, innovation, and sustainability. Written for academic and policy readers, as well as those interested in food security, the book is suitable for courses on food politics, food systems, agroecology, and sustainable development.