Grace Ibingira seeks the fundamental causes of the widespread upheavals (at least thirty-eight army coups in the past fifteen years) in African states today and finds them in the inadequate colonial preparation of African leaders for the responsibilities of independence, the earlier practices of divide and raie,â⬠and the winner-take-allâ⬠polici | African Upheavals Since Independence by Grace Stuart Ibingira, Hardcover | Indigo Chapters