The book is primarily aimed at postgraduate students and researchers in transportation engineering, urban planning, civil engineering, environmental science, and related disciplines. The book could be used in courses such as "Advanced Transportation Systems," "Sustainable Transportation Engineering," "Urban Transportation Planning," "Transportation Infrastructure Management," and "Transportation Technology and Innovation". Professionals involved in designing, managing, and innovating transportation systems at both regional and global levels. Transportation Engineers, Urban Planners, Traffic Engineers, Infrastructure Managers, Smart City Planners, and Environmental Analysts. This book shall also be a great asset to many research labs like Central Road Research Institute, Central Building Research Institute, Structural Engineering Research Centre, National Transportation Planning and Research Centre, etc., and government organizations like Indian Road Congress, Border Road Organization, Bureau of Indian Standards, Central Institute of Road Transport, Asian Institute of Transport Development, etc.Although primarily aimed at postgraduates, certain chapters may be suitable for senior undergraduate students specializing in transportation systems or urban planning. "Introduction to Transportation Systems," "Urban Infrastructure Planning," "Transportation and the Environment." The book can serve as a resource for government officials and policy makers involved in transportation policy, urban development, and infrastructure planning. Pavement designers, consultants, planners, road safety auditors, quality inspection auditors, structural auditors, and many more incumbents relevant to the field of transportation engineering, including rail, road, and airfield, can monetize the cost of the book by referring to the contribution made by several authors in this textbook.