The aim of this Special Issue is to provide a broad view on the studies that focus on the anatomical field, and to stimulate a holistic and humanistic perspective, taking into account the innumerous connections between the history of anatomy and the recent advances of this discipline. Multidisciplinary approaches related to anatomy include historical aspects, morphological techniques, anatomical education, and comparative and veterinary anatomy. Anatomical variations, advances in imaging techniques, and surgical implications are also considered. Leading experts in the morphological field provide their research findings, opinions, and novel perspectives. In line with this purpose, we try to find new stimuli and resources in the modern era, in order to interpret a constructive role for the ancient history of anatomy in the medicine of the future.