After winning the Spanish Civil War in 1939, Francisco Franco, rejecting any idea of reconciliation, subjected his Republican opponents to an unimaginable repression. For many years, Spain entered a « merciless winter » of massacres and oppression, which this book chronicles. Tens of thousands of Republicans were murdered after the announcement of the Francoist victory in April 1939. Hundreds of thousands of other « Reds » were thrown into prison, incarcerated in concentration camps, or sent to forced labor units, while a large part of the population was oppressed and ostracized by the regime. Fifty years after the death of the Caudillo (November 20,1975), it was important, in the face of historical revisionism, to recall this dark and criminal period of the Francoist dictatorship.