Excerpt from A Brief History of the World: With Especial Reference to Social and Economic Conditions Professor C. J. H. Hayes of Columbia University has read the part of the volume beginning with the nineteenth chapter, and various improvements are due to him. The authors thank him Sincerely for his aid, while they wish to make it clear that he is in no way responsible for any statement of fact or opinion contained in the book. They wish, too, to acknowledge the courteous help of Miss Adele M. Erb and Miss Isadore G. Mudge of Columbia University Library in facilitating the use 'of books for the preparation of this volume. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.