Nanotechnology induced biomedical applications has been marching in the vanguard during the last decade, due to the outstanding properties of emerging 2D materials such as graphene derivatives, other layered nanomaterials, and metallic nanoparticles of gold, silver, copper, etc., providing great achievements and new trends in various fields of science. The present Special Issue highlights some great contributions focusing on the development of bionanocomposites, biomolecules sensors, drug and gene delivery systems, as well as on the evaluation of the antimicrobial property of graphene derivatives and metallic nanoparticles. The goal of this themed collection of articles is to attract the interest of a broad research audience of chemists, biologists, pharmacologists, materials scientists, and researchers in the field of nanomedicine.