This book presents the papers from the 12th International Conference on Advancement of Science and Technology (ICAST 2024), which took place in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia November 1 – 3, 2024. The papers present economic and technological developments in modern societies related to important issues such digitization, energy transformation, impact on national economy, and its recent advancements. The papers are relevant to researchers, academics, and professionals. Presents the proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Advancement of Science and Technology (ICAST 2024); Includes technological developments in societies related to digitization, energy transformation, and finance; Relevant to researchers, students, academics, and professionals.